![]() When Bowman approaches the monolith, it opens and pulls in Bowman's pod. The scientists on Earth name this monolith "TMA-2", which Bowman identifies as a double misnomer because it is not in the Tycho crater and gives off no magnetic anomaly. During his approach, he gradually notices a small black spot on the surface of Iapetus, and later finds it identical in shape to TMA-1, only much larger. Bowman learns that Hal had begun to feel guilty at keeping the purpose of the mission from him and Poole, against his stated mission of gathering information and reporting it fully and when threatened with disconnection, he panicked and defended himself out of a belief that his very existence was at stake, having no concept of sleep.īowman spends months on the ship alone, slowly approaching Iapetus. He then learns that his mission is to explore Iapetus, in the hope of contacting the society that buried the monolith on the Moon. From a sealed emergency shelter, Bowman gains a spacesuit and re-enters the ship, where he shuts down Hal's consciousness, leaving intact only his autonomic functions, and manually re-establishes contact with Earth. As Bowman begins to awaken his colleagues, he hears Hal open both airlocks into space, releasing the ship's internal atmosphere. Bowman threatens to disconnect him if his orders are not obeyed, and Hal relents. Bowman, uncertain of Hal's role therein, decides to wake the other three astronauts, and therefore quarrels with Hal, with Hal refusing to obey his orders. Poole and Bowman become suspicious at Hal's refusal to admit that his diagnosis was mistaken.Īs Poole is removing the unit he is killed when his pod accelerates into him, crushing him. Poole takes one of the extra-vehicular pods and swaps the AE-35 unit but when Bowman conducts tests on the removed AE-35 unit, he determines that there was never anything wrong with it. While Poole is receiving a birthday message from his family on Earth, Hal tells Bowman that the AE-35 communication unit of the ship is going to malfunction. The first stages of the mission are achieved as planned and on schedule. The HAL 9000, an artificially intelligent computer, addressed as "Hal", maintains the ship. Frank Poole are the only conscious humans aboard their three colleagues are in suspended animation, to be awakened near Jupiter. Visiting TMA-1, Floyd and others arrive just as sunlight falls upon it for the first time since it was uncovered it emits a piercing radio transmission which the scientists determine is directed at Iapetus.Ī mission, Discovery One, is sent to Iapetus. Excavation has revealed a large black slab, precisely fashioned to a ratio of 1:4:9 (or 1 2:2 2:3 2) and therefore believed the work of intelligence. Heywood Floyd travels to the Moon's Clavius Base, where a scientist explains that they have found an electromagnetic disturbance, designated Tycho Magnetic Anomaly One (or TMA-1), near the crater Tycho. ![]() They then use the tools to kill a leopard preying on them the next day, the main ape character, Moon-Watcher, uses a club to kill the leader of a rival tribe. The hominids use their tools to kill animals and eat meat, ending their starvation. The book shows one such monolith appearing in prehistoric Africa, three million years ago, where it inspires a starving group of hominids to develop tools. The first part of the novel, in which aliens influence the primitive ancestors of humans, is similar to the plot of Clarke's 1953 short story " Encounter in the Dawn".Ī mysterious alien civilization uses a tool with the appearance of a large crystalline monolith to investigate worlds across the galaxy and, if possible, to encourage the development of intelligent life. An elaboration of Clarke and Kubrick's collaborative work on this project was made in the 1972 book The Lost Worlds of 2001. By 1992, the novel had sold three million copies worldwide. ![]() The story is based in part on various short stories by Clarke, including " The Sentinel" (written in 1948 for a BBC competition, but first published in 1951 under the title "Sentinel of Eternity"). Clarke and Kubrick worked on the book together, but eventually only Clarke ended up as the official author. It was developed concurrently with Stanley Kubrick's film version and published after the release of the film. 2001: A Space Odyssey is a 1968 science fiction novel by British writer Arthur C.
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